Bushing for bungs.



A. C. LUDLUM.

BUSHING FOR BUNGS. 7 APPLICATION FILED MAR-25, 1914- RE NEWED MAR-31119]!- 1,226,090.

Patented May 15, 1917.

UNITED STATES PATENT onnroa.

ALBERT ,c. Lunmm, or NEW Yonx, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T NATIO AL BUSH COMPANY,A

CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

BUSHING FOR BUNGS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 15, 1917.

Application filed March 25, 1914, Serial No. 827,019. Renewed March 31,1917. Serial No. 159,026.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT C. LUDLUM, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bushings for Bungs,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to bushings used for-receiving the bungs inbarrels, and has particular reference to bushings which are expanded andpermanently set in the holeby a specially formed tool, without employingscrew-threads or spurs for preventmg rotation.

The bushing of the present invention pref-. erably has a yieldin archshaped biting flange, and is externa ly tapered to fit the tapering holewhich is bored in the barrel stave. It is the particular object of th1sm vention to provide a bushing which can be driven'to closely fit thetapering hole, with or without packing, and which will not require thatthe hole be bored unnecessarily lar in order to premit the inner end ofthe bus ing to pass. Bushings of th1s general type have heretoforetapered externally to about midway or three-quarters of 1311811 length,and have then been flared outwardly by rolling, making the externaldiameter at the inner end larger than the intermediate externaldiameter. That is, bushings in :o'mmon use are doubly flared. With this:ype' of bushing, it is necessary to bore the role in thestavesufliciently large to receive he largest diameter of the bushing,and as hese holes aretaper bored it will be seen hat an unnecessarilylarge hole is required, nd such a bushing will often leak when set. thas been considered necessary to use the ouble'flared bushing in orderthat the inner rid of the bushing will expand when preslre is applied bythe expanding tool. If 1e bushing is not outwardly flared and tinned atits inner end it is likely to split hen set, or to set unevenly. Also,in setng such doubly flared bushings a roller .rrying tool has been usedin which the 11ers are a fixed distance apart, and even en numerousdefective bushings are formed .less the relatively fixed rollers are pro.y spaced, and unless the bushing is even y iven in the hole. The holebelng'larger tn the bushing in order to receive the lower flare, tendsto permit the bushings to be driven diagonally, and there is no way ofascertaining this from the outside.

In making a bushing according to this invention, the bushing is taperedexternally, and closely fitting the tapered hole in the stave throughoutits depth. The inner-end of the bushmg is further and more sharplytapered externally so as to form a thin ed e in line with the innersurface of the bus ing, which edge is first engaged by the setting.rollers. The setting rollers are pivoted to swin toward and from eachother, and hence tlieir separation varies from a minimum angle when theyfirst engage the bushing, to a maximum angle when the bushing isexpanded and firmly set. Thus, the first effect of the rollers at theminimum angle is to engage the thin edge and roll it over on the sharplytapered surface, and as the rolling over progresses the external surfaceis 76 rolled more on itself, so that the bushing is gradually expandedand firmly set without either splitting or upsetting longitudinally.Splittin or longitudinal upsetting, fre= quently appens wherethe innerend of the 80 double flared bushing is rolled thin as compared with thefiange end and set with rollers.

In the accompanying drawing,

Figure 1 is a view of the set bushing;

Fig. 2 is a cross-section showing the novel form of bushing in positionready to be set, and

Fig. 3 is a cross-section showing the set bushing.

The bushing is composed of an external curved biting flange 1, set inthe stave 2, which is usually countersunk as at 3. The stave is usuallybored with a tapered hole 4. The body of the bushing 6 is ofsubstantially 95 uniform thickness, and isinternally and externallytapered, as shown in Fig. 2, without being outwardly flared at'the lowerend. The lower external portion is more sharply tapered as at 7, so asto provide the rela- 100 tively thin lower edge 8 which first engageswith the setting rollers 9. These setting rollers are rounded as shown,and are each pivoted to a shank (not shown) at a point below therollers, so that the rollers can 10 swing independently of each othertoward and from the vertical position. Fig. 2 shows the initial positionof the rollers at and has a resilient effect in an angle a, and Fig. 3shows the-final position when the angle between the rollers hasincreased to angle b.

The initial effect of applying vertical upward pressure to the rollerswhile pressing down on the yielding biting flange 1 is to turn the thinedge 8 outward, which is rolled back on itself and simultaneouslyexpanded as the pressure is increased and the rollers revolvedrelatively to the bushin The yielding flange is somewhat flattene down,as seen in Fig. 3, when the bushing is set tightly holding the wood and,preventing leakage. The flange 1 also bites into the stave and prevents.turning, which is also assisted by the taper fit of the bushing in thehole. By reason of the initial expansion-permitted by the thin edge 8 ofthe external taper 7, together with the constantly increasing anglebetween the rollers, the bushing will be gradualy expanded and turnedover the innor edge of the stave without upsetting or doubling o'ververtically, as would'be the case if the 'lower end of the bushing wereblunt or rolled extremely thin, or if the rollers did not vary in angleas the expanding proceeds. This is assisted by the tight fit of thebushing at the inner end of the hole, where it is supported by the edgeof the wood. By means of the bushing herein described, bung holes canvery readily be hushed, and the bushings neither upset nor split, onaccount of the provision of the external taper 7. 4

The bushing of this invention can be very cheaply drawn from steeldisks, and the biting edge 1 and the taper 7 are provided for in thedies without necessitating additional operations as has heretofore beennecessary to complete the doubly flared bushings. The use of a packingis optional and does not require structural changein the bushing itself.What I claim is: 1. A bushing for a bung hole having a resilient archedexternal flange, an externally smooth body, and an expansible inner end,whereby the bushing when set resiliently grips the material of thebarrel throughout its thickness to prevent rotation and leakage.

2. A bushing for a hung hole having a resilient arched external flange,an externally smooth body, and an expansible inner end having its outersurface relatively sharply tapered, whereby the bushing when setresiliently grips the material of the barrel throughout its thickness toprevent rotation and leakage.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT C. LUDLUM.

Witnesses:

FRED HAMISCH, J. D. CoNNoLLt, Jr.

